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AOBPreview originally published online on October 7, 2007
Annals of Botany 2007 100(7):1459-1465; doi:10.1093/aob/mcm244
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© The Author 2007. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Annals of Botany Company. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Distribution and Translocation of 141Ce (III) in Horseradish

Xiaoshan Guo1,2, Qing Zhou3, Tianhong Lu1, Min Fang1 and Xiaohua Huang1,2,*

1 College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210097, P. R. China
2 School of Chemistry and Materials, Southern Yangtze University, Wuxi 214122, P. R. China
3 The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Southern Yangtze University, Wuxi 214122, P. R. China

* For correspondence. E-mail wxxhhuang{at}yahoo.com

Received: 27 March 2007    Returned for revision: 30 April 2007    Accepted: 6 August 2007    Published electronically: 7 October 2007

Background and Aims: Rare earth elements (REEs) are used in agriculture and a large amount of them contaminate the environment and enter foods. The distribution and translocation of 141Ce (III) in horseradish was investigated in order to help understand the biochemical behaviour and toxic mechanism of REEs in plants.

Methods: The distribution and translocation of 141Ce (III) in horseradish were investigated using autoradiography, liquid scintillation counting (LSC) and electron microscopic autoradiography (EMARG) techniques. The contents of 141Ce (III) and nutrient elements were analysed using an inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometer (ICP-AES).

Results: The results from autoradiography and LSC indicated that 141Ce (III) could be absorbed by horseradish and transferred from the leaf to the leaf-stalk and then to the root. The content of 141Ce (III) in different parts of horseradish was as follows: root > leaf-stalk > leaf. The uptake rates of 141Ce (III) in horseradish changed with the different organs and time. The content of 141Ce (III) in developing leaves was greater than that in mature leaves. The results from EMARG indicated that 141Ce (III) could penetrate through the cell membrane and enter the mesophyll cells, being present in both extra- and intra-cellular deposits. The contents of macronutrients in horseradish were decreased by 141Ce (III) treatment.

Conclusions: 141Ce (III) can be absorbed and transferred between organs of horseradish with time, and the distribution was found to be different at different growth stages. 141Ce (III) can enter the mesophyll cells via apoplast and symplast channels or via plasmodesmata. 141Ce (III) can disturb the metabolism of macronutrients in horseradish.

Key words: Horseradish, Armoracia rusticana, cerium, 141Ce (III), translocation, distribution, radioisotope tracer technique


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