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AOBPreview originally published online on November 2, 2007
Annals of Botany 2008 101(1):111-124; doi:10.1093/aob/mcm267
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© The Author 2007. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Annals of Botany Company. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Phylogeny and Biogeography of the Genus Ainsliaea (Asteraceae) in the Sino-Japanese Region based on Nuclear rDNA and Plastid DNA Sequence Data

Yuki Mitsui1,*, Shao-Tien Chen2, Zhe-Kun Zhou2, Ching-I. Peng3, Yun-Fei Deng4 and Hiroaki Setoguchi1

1 Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Yoshida Nihonmatsu-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
2 Department of Biodiversity and Biogeography, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Heilongtan, Kunming 650204, Yunnan, P. R. China
3 Herbarium (HAST), Research Center for Biodiversity, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
4 Herbarium (IBSC), South China Botanical Garden, Leyiju, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510650, P. R. China

* For correspondence. E-mail: yuuki1009{at}lagoon.ocn.ne.jp

Received: 30 January 2007    Returned for revision: 20 June 2007    Accepted: 12 September 2007    Published electronically: 3 November 2007

Background and Aims: The flora of the Sino-Japanese plant region of eastern Asia is distinctively rich compared with other floristic regions in the world. However, knowledge of its floristic evolution is fairly limited. The genus Ainsliaea is endemic to and distributed throughout the Sino-Japanese region. Its interspecific phylogenetic relationships have not been resolved. The aim is to provide insight into floristic evolution in eastern Asia on the basis of a molecular phylogenetic analysis of Ainsliaea species.

Methods: Cladistic analyses of the sequences of two nuclear (ITS, ETS) and one plastid (ndhF) regions were carried out individually and using the combined data from the three markers.

Key Results: Phylogenetic analyses of three DNA regions confirmed that Ainsliaea is composed of three major clades that correspond to species distributions. Evolution of the three lineages was estimated to have occurred around 1·1 MYA during the early Pleistocene.

Conclusions: The results suggest that Ainsliaea species evolved allopatrically and that the descendants were isolated in the eastern (between SE China and Japan, through Taiwan and the Ryukyu Islands) and western (Yunnan Province and its surrounding areas, including the Himalayas, the temperate region of Southeast Asia, and Sichuan Province) sides of the Sino-Japanese region. The results suggest that two distinct lineages of Ainsliaea have independently evolved in environmentally heterogeneous regions within the Sino-Japanese region. These regions have maintained rich and original floras due to their diverse climates and topographies.

Key words: Ainsliaea, ETS, ITS, ndhF, phylogeography, rheophytes, Sino-Japanese region


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