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AOBPreview originally published online on August 5, 2008
Annals of Botany 2008 102(4):599-607; doi:10.1093/aob/mcn133
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© The Author 2008. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Annals of Botany Company. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Intrapopulation Genome Size Dynamics in Festuca pallens

Petr Smarda*, Petr Bures, Lucie Horová and Olga Rotreklová

Masaryk University, Faculty of Science, Department of Botany and Zoology, Kotlárska 2, CZ-611 37 Brno, Czech Republic

* For correspondence. E-mail smardap{at}sci.muni.cz

Received: 25 April 2008    Returned for revision: 22 May 2008    Accepted: 17 June 2008    Published electronically: 5 August 2008

Background and Aims: It is well known that genome size differs among species. However, information on the variation and dynamics of genome size in wild populations and on the early phase of genome size divergence between taxa is currently lacking. Genome size dynamics, heritability and phenotype effects are analysed here in a wild population of Festuca pallens (Poaceae).

Methods: Genome size was measured using flow cytometry with DAPI dye in 562 seedlings from 17 maternal plants varying in genome size. The repeatability of genome size measurements was verified at different seasons through the use of different standards and with propidium iodide dye; the range of variation observed was tested via analysis of double-peaks. Additionally, chromosome counts were made in selected seedlings.

Key Results and Conclusions: Analysis of double-peaks showed that genome size varied up to 1·188-fold within all 562 seedlings, 1·119-fold within the progeny of a single maternal plant and 1·117-fold in seedlings from grains of a single inflorescence. Generally, genome sizes of seedlings and their mothers were highly correlated. However, in maternal plants with both larger and smaller genomes, genome sizes of seedlings were shifted towards the population median. This was probably due to the frequency of available paternal genomes (pollen grains) in the population. There was a stabilizing selection on genome size during the development of seedlings into adults, which may be important for stabilizing genome size within species. Furthermore, a positive correlation was found between genome size and the development rate of seedlings. A larger genome may therefore provide a competitive advantage, perhaps explaining the higher proportion of plants with larger genomes in the population studied. The reason for the observed variation may be the recent induction of genome size variation, e.g. by activity of retrotransposons, which may be preserved in the long term by the segregation of homeologous chromosomes of different sizes during gametogenesis.

Key words: Nuclear DNA content, intraspecific variation, genome size evolution, heritability, stabilizing selection, grasses, flow cytometry


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