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AOBPreview originally published online on February 12, 2009
Annals of Botany 2009 103(6):975-983; doi:10.1093/aob/mcp020
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© The Author 2009. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Annals of Botany Company. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Molecular evolution and phylogeny of the RPB2 gene in the genus Hordeum

Genlou Sun1,*, Mohammad Pourkheirandish2 and Takao Komatsuda2

1 Biology Department, Saint Mary's University, 923 Robie Street, Halifax, NS, B3H 3C3, Canada
2 Plant Genome Research Unit, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, Kannondai, Tsukuba 305-8602, Japan

* For correspondence. E-mail genlou.sun{at}smu.ca

Received: 7 November 2008    Returned for revision: 16 December 2008    Accepted: 23 December 2008    Published electronically: 12 February 2009

Background and Aims: It is known that the miniature inverted-repeat terminal element (MITE) preferentially inserts into low-copy-number sequences or genic regions. Characterization of the second largest subunit of low-copy nuclear RNA polymerase II (RPB2) has indicated that MITE and indels have shaped the homoeologous RPB2 loci in the St and H genome of Eymus species in Triticeae. The aims of this study was to determine if there is MITE in the RPB2 gene in Hordeum genomes, and to compare the gene evolution of RPB2 with other diploid Triticeae species. The sequences were used to reconstruct the phylogeny of the genus Hordeum.

Methods: RPB2 regions from all diploid species of Hordeum, one tetraploid species (H. brevisubulatum) and ten accessions of diploid Triticeae species were amplified and sequenced. Parsimony analysis of the DNA dataset was performed in order to reveal the phylogeny of Hordeum species.

Key Results: MITE was detected in the Xu genome. A 27–36 bp indel sequence was found in the I and Xu genome, but deleted in the Xa and some H genome species. Interestingly, the indel length in H genomes corresponds well to their geographical distribution. Phylogenetic analysis of the RPB2 sequences positioned the H and Xa genome in one monophyletic group. The I and Xu genomes are distinctly separated from the H and Xa ones. The RPB2 data also separated all New World H genome species except H. patagonicum ssp. patagonicum from the Old World H genome species.

Conclusions: MITE and large indels have shaped the RPB2 loci between the Xu and H, I and Xa genomes. The phylogenetic analysis of the RPB2 sequences confirmed the monophyly of Hordeum. The maximum-parsimony analysis demonstrated the four genomes to be subdivided into two groups.

Key words: Molecular evolution, RPB2, Hordeum, transposable element, phylogeny


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