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Annals of Botany 28: 187-206, 1964
© 1964 Annals of Botany Company

RESEARCH-ARTICLE

Stage Development and Flowering in Dactylis glomerata L.

D. M. CALDER

Welsh Plant Breeding Station Aberystwyth

The results of pilot experiments lead to the conclusion that D. glomerata exhibits a number of developmental stages: firstly, a juvenile stage during which the plant is insensitive to environmental conditions which later stimulate flowering; secondly, an inductive stage, when the plant responds to periodic exposure to darkness at the conclusion of which it is fully induced or ripe to flower, and finally, a post-inductive stage during which inflorescences are initiated and undergo further development; these are long-day processes.

In four populations studied the juvenile stage lasts about five weeks. In north European material daily exposure to seven hours of darkness is near the minimum for induction although there is considerable within-population variation. Further, it appears that the daily dark requirement becomes less as the plant ages.

Comparisons are made of the flowering behaviour of D. glomerata and Lolium perenne. The differences between these species result from the presence of a juvenile stage in Dactylis and the possibility of satisfying its inductive requirement by long days. Induction in Lolium requires short days or low temperature.

The significance of these results is discussed in the light of previous work on the environmental control of flowering in herbage grasses. The existence of three developmental stages can explain the wide differences in interpretation of the flowering requirements of Dactylis previously held. The possible evolution of flowering requirements is also discussed.


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