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Annals of Botany 72: 595-605, 1993
© 1993 Annals of Botany Company

Differentiation of the Tapetum During Microsporogenesis in Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.), with Special Reference to the Tapetal Cell Wall

P. L. Polowick and V. K. Sawhney

Department of Biology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N OWO, Canada

During microsporogenesis and pollen maturation, the tapetum in anthers of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) underwent several ultrastructural changes and ultimately degenerated. The changes observed related to the secretory function of the tapetum and to the transfer of materials from the cytoplasm to the surface of tapetal cells. Electron dense deposits, initially in the vacuoles, disappeared coincident with the appearance of orbicules on the cell wall. The fibrillar wall of the tapetal cells loosened, presumably to facilitate transfer of materials through the wall. In Addition, membranous fragments were a consistent feature in the tapetum wall and may play a role in transport of materials. The cells of the inner tapetum (towards the connective) and outer tapetum (towards the epidermis) had different ultrastructural features. The cytoplasm of the outer tapetum was more electron dense and had a higher proportion of dictyosomes and mitochondria than the inner tapetum, indicating the greater secretory nature of the outer tapetum. The plastids and mitochondria also differed in morphology between the two regions. Degenerations of the tapetal cytoplasm began by the vacuolate microspore stage. At anthesis, cytoplasm was absent but the orbicular wall of the tapetum remained appressed to the wall of the middle layer of the anther.Copyright 1993, 1999 Academic Press

Lycopersicon esculentum, microsporogenesis, pollen development, tapetum development, tomato, ultrastructure


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