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Annals of Botany 73: 403-413, 1994
© 1994 Annals of Botany Company

Comparative Root Anatomy of Five Actinidia Species in Relation to Rootstock Effects on Kiwifruit Flowering

Zhong-Yan Wang, Kevin S. Gould and Kevin J. Patterson

Plant Science Group, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland and HortResearch, Mt Albert Research Centre, Private Bag 92169, Auckland, New Zealand

This study examined the root anatomy of five Actinidia species which, when used as rootstocks, differ in their effects on flower production of the 'Hayward' kiwifruit scion. The rootstock species examined were A. hemsleyana, A. eriantha, A. rufa, A. deliciosa and A. chinensis. Roots of all the five species had similar tissues and similar cell types in each tissue. The cortex and endodermis were retained and developed further during secondary root thickening. Each meriphyte of endodermal cells, derived during secondary growth, was enclosed in a suberin lamella. Crystalline idioblasts were present in the cortex and phloem. These idioblasts contained raphide crystals, often surrounded by mucilage. Roots of the five species differed significantly in the total cross-sectional area of vessels in the xylem, in the total cross-sectional areas of fibres and crystalline idioblasts in the phloem, and in the abundance of starch grains in parenchyma of all tissues. Roots of flower-promoting rootstock species tended to have more and larger xylem vessels, more crystalline idioblasts, and more starch grains. These anatomical features may be used as criteria for future selection of flower-promoting rootstocks in kiwifruit. The possible physiological link between root anatomy and rootstock effect is discussed.Copyright 1994, 1999 Academic Press

Kiwifruit, Actinidia, root, anatomy, rootstock, flowering


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