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Annals of Botany 74: 653-659, 1994
© 1994 Annals of Botany Company

Carbon Balance of Tall Fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.): Effects of Nitrogen Fertilization and the Growing Season

G. Bélanger, F. Gastal and F. R. Warembourg

Station d'Ecophysiologie des Plantes Fourragères INRA, Centre de Recherches de Lusignan, 86600 Lusignan and Centre L. Emberger, CNRS, B.P. 5051, 34033, Montpellier Cedex, France

The C balance of a tall fescue sward grown under different rates of N fertilization in summer, autumn, and spring was calculated using models derived from measurements of shoot growth, canopy gross photosynthesis, shoot respiration and of C partitioning to the roots. Under the diverse growing conditions associated with the seasons and the N fertilization, C utilization for above- and below-ground biomass accumulation never exceeded 39 and 14% of the canopy gross photosynthesis, respectively. Carbon losses attributed to root respiration and exudation, which were estimated by difference between canopy net photosynthesis and total growth, ranged between 3 and 30% of canopy gross photosynthesis. Seasonal differences in shoot growth could be attributed to the amount of intercepted radiation, the radiation-use efficiency and the C partitioning to the roots. The effect of N deficiency on shoot growth can be attributed to its effects on canopy photosynthesis (principally resulting from changes in intercepted photosynthetically active radiation) and C partitioning. In comparison with the effect on shoot growth, the effect of the N deficiency on the canopy gross photosynthesis per unit of light intercepted over the regrowth cycle was limited. It is concluded that most of the effect of N fertilization on shoot growth is due to changes in C partitioning which result in faster leaf area development and greater light interception.Copyright 1994, 1999 Academic Press

Tall rescue, Festuca arundinacea Schreb., carbon balance, nitrogen, grass, fertilization


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