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Annals of Botany 75: 193-198, 1995
© 1995 Annals of Botany Company

Linear Relations between Carbon Dioxide Concentration and Rate of Development Towards Flowering in Sorghum, Cowpea and Soyabean

R. H. Ellis, P. Q. Craufurd, R. J. Summerfield and E. H. Roberts

Plant Environment Laboratory, Department of Agriculture, The University of Reading, Cutbush Lane, Shinfield, Reading RG2 9AD, UK

Negative linear relations were detected (P < 0·005) between the rate of progress from sowing to panicle initiation and CO2 concentration (210-720 µmol CO2 mol-1 air) for two genotypes of sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench]. Relations between CO2 concentration and the rate of progress from sowing to first flowering were also negative in soyabean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] (P < 0·025), but positive in cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] (P < 0·025), albeit that in both grain legumes sensitivity was much less than in sorghum. Thus CO2 elevation does not delay flowering in all short-day species. The considerable effect of CO2 concentration on times to panicle initiation resulted in large differences among the sorghum plants at this developmental stage; with increase in CO2 concentration, plants were taller with slightly more leaves and more pronounced apical extension. At the same time after sowing however, sorghum plants were heavier (P < 0·05) at 210 than at 360 µmol CO2 mol-1 air. In contrast, relations between the dry masses of the soyabean and cowpea plants and CO2 concentration were positive and curvilinear (P < 0·05). It is suggested that the impact of global environmental change could be severe for sorghum production in the semi-arid tropics.Copyright 1995, 1999 Academic Press

Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench., sorghum, Glycine max (L.) Merrill, soyabean, Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp., cowpea, development, flowering, CO2, dry matter accumulation, environmental change


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