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Annals of Botany 76: 545-551, 1995
© 1995 Annals of Botany Company

How Does Water Ascend in Tall Trees and Other Vascular Plants?

Ulrich Zimmermann, Frederick Meinzer and Friedrich-Wilhelm Bentrup

Lehrstuhl für Biotechnologie der Universität Würzburg, Biozentrum, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany, Hawaiian Sugar Planters' Association, 99-193 Aiea Heights Drive, Aiea, Hawaii, USA and Institut für Pflanzenphysiologie der Universität Salzburg, Hellbrunner Str. 34, A-5020 Salzburg, Austria

Since the Cohesion Theory was first introduced, a series of incompatible observations has appeared in the literature. Direct measurements of xylem pressure in single vessels of higher plants and tall trees by means of the xylem pressure probe technique indicate that xylem tension in the leaves of intact, transpiring plants is often much smaller than that predicted for transpiration-driven water ascent through continuous water columns. We conclude that the available evidence warrants a critical reappraisal of tension-driven water transport as the exclusive mechanism of long-distance water transport in plants.Copyright 1995, 1999 Academic Press

Cohesion Theory, higher plants, long-distance transport, trees, water ascent, xylem pressure probe


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