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Annals of Botany 78: 383-388, 1996
© 1996 Annals of Botany Company

Development of the Major Triterpenoids and Oil in the Fruit and Seeds of Neem (Azadirachta indica)

SHAUN JOHNSON+, E. DAVID MORGAN§ and COLIN N. PEIRIS

Department of Chemistry, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire, ST5 5BG, UK Department of Crop Science, University of Peradeniya, Perideniya, Sri Lanka

January 26, 1996 ; April 6, 1996

In order to learn the best time for harvesting Neem (Azadirachta indica) seeds, the amount of the five major triterpenoids, together with the oil content have been determined throughout a fruiting season in six selected trees in Sri Lanka. The triterpenoid content and the relative proportions of the major compounds changed little from the hard green fruit stage to mature seeds, while the oil content increased markedly with time. The highest content of azadirachtin (10 mg g-1seed kernels) was recorded in newly ripened seeds. There was some loss of salannin and azadirachtin in storage after harvesting for up to 6 months.

Azadirachtin; salannin; nimbin; neem seeds; neem fruit; seasonal change; neem oil; seed storage; Azadirachta indica ; Meliaceae


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