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Annals of Botany 78: 583-589, 1996
© 1996 Annals of Botany Company

Molecular Cytogenetics of an Amphiploid Trigeneric Hybrid between Triticum durum, Thinopyrum distichum and Lophopyrum elongatum

ROMUALD KOSINA and J. S. HESLOP-HARRISON

Karyobiology Group, John Innes Centre, Colney Lane, Norwich, NR4 7UH, U.K. Institute of Botany, University of Wroclaw, Kanonia 6/8, Wroclaw, 50–328, Poland

March 20, 1996 ; May 9, 1996

In situ hybridization of total genomic DNA was used to analyse lines derived from an amphiploid between tetraploid wheat,Triticum durum Desf. (2n =4x =28), and the wheatgrassesThinopyrum distichum (Thunb.) A. Löve (2n =4x =28) andLophopyrum elongatum (Host) A. Löve (2n =2x =14). A range of chromosome numbers was detected, arising from loss or gain of chromosomes. Total genomic DNA probes fromThinopyrum species,L. elongatum andTriticum monococcum L. were able to discriminate chromosomes from the A and B genomes of tetraploid wheat and those of wheatgrass-origin. The method did not discriminate the two wheatgrass genomes, J and E, indicating their close similarity. Chromosomal aberrations—including telocentric and ring chromosomes—were frequent. Distal inter-genomic translocations of parts of A and B genome chromosome arms, unusual in wheat itself, were more frequent than translocations betweenT. durum and wheatgrass.In situ hybridization of an rDNA probe most frequently revealed four sites associated with secondary constrictions onT. durum chromosomes and four onTh. distichum orL. elongatum chromosomes, although there was variation in the number of loci between and within plants. Within interphase and prophase nuclei, the three genomes were not intermixed and often lay in distinct sectors.

Wheat; hybrids; Triticum ; Triticeae; evolution; introgression; nuclear architecture; rDNA; in situ hybridization


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