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Annals of Botany 79: 617-624, 1997
© 1997 Annals of Botany Company

Vegetative Architecture of Elaeocarpus hookerianus. Transition from Juvenile to Adult

JAMIE S. DAY+, KEVIN S. GOULD§ and PAULA E. JAMESON

Plant Science Group, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Massey University, Private Bag 11222, Palmerston North, New Zealand

Received April 10, 1996 ; Accepted December 10, 1996

Elaeocarpus hookerianus Raoul is a profoundly heteroblastic tree native to New Zealand. We describe and quantify changes in leaf morphology and anatomy, and in branching pattern at different levels of insertion. Discrete juvenile, adolescent and adult phases were identified. The divaricating juvenile bore small leaves with thin laminae and an anatomy typical of shade-plants. Juveniles had dense canopies, many thin horizontal and vertical axes, wide branch angles and highly variable branching patterns. Adolescents had larger leaves, fewer horizontal axes on a single, leading vertical axis, and a more consistent branching pattern. Adults were arborescent, producing the largest, most differentiated leaves on the stoutest and longest horizontal branches. Data indicate a three-phased strategy for: (a ) providing responsive, energy-efficient shoot systems under low-light regimes; (b ) growing rapidly to the forest canopy; and (c ) exploiting for the forest canopy environment.

Elaeocarpus hookerianus Raoul; heteroblasty; leaf morphology; leaf anatomy; branching pattern


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