Annals of Botany 80: 363-370, 1997
© 1997 Annals of Botany Company
Zinc, Lead and Cadmium Tolerance, Uptake and Accumulation by the Common Reed,Phragmites australis(Cav.) Trin. ex Steudel
,Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S. Yorks, S10 2TN, UK Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
December 17, 1996 ; April 30, 1997 .
Zinc (Zn), lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) tolerance in populations of seedlings ofPhragmites australisraised from seeds collected from a mine site (Plombières, Belgium) contaminated with Zn, Pb and Cd and three clean sites (Felixstowe, UK; Wisbech, UK; and Mai Po, Hong Kong) were studied under glasshouse conditions. Small differences were found between the metal-contaminated population and the three clean populations when seedlings were grown in 1.0 µg ml-1Zn and 10.0 µg ml-1Pb treatment solutions. In general, however, different populations of seedlings showed similar growth responses, metal uptake and indices of Zn, Pb and Cd tolerance when cultured in the same metal-contaminated media for 89 d or in the same metal treatment solutions (ZnSO4:1.0 and 4.0 µg ml-1Zn; Pb(NO3)2: 10.0 and 25.0 µg ml-1Pb; CdSO4: 0.5 and 1.0 µg ml-1Cd) for 3 weeks. There was insufficient evidence to support the hypothesis that the metal-contaminated population has evolved to a Zn-, Pb- or Cd-tolerant ecotype but the results indicated some differentiation between the populations with that from Hong Kong being the least productive under the experimental conditions used. The implications of the findings on selection of provenances for use in constructed wetlands for wastewater treatment are discussed.
Metal accumulation; heavy metal tolerance; Phragmites australis; population differentiation
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