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Annals of Botany 84: 289-295, 1999
© 1999 Annals of Botany Company

Pattern of Shoot Growth in Zizyphus mauritiana and Z. oenoplia

REJU M. KURIAN+ and Y. N. REDDY§

Division of Fruit Crops, Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Hessaraghatta Lake, Bangalore, 560089, India

November 17, 1998 ; December 22, 1998 . April 30, 1999

Shoot polymorphism and patterns of sylleptic branching and shoot tip abscission in two Zizyphus species are reported. Z. mauritiana (ber) produced three types of proleptic shoots: vigorous, normal and spur-type, by reiteration or following pruning;Z. oenoplia had only one type of shoot. Both species revealed up to third order sylleptic branching on the vigorous proleptic shoots with a characteristic pattern and rhythm. Bud dormancy breaking chemicals given as pre-pruning foliar sprays in ber, did not alter the pattern of sylleptic branching. Zizyphus oenoplia produced more first and second order sylleptic branches compared to Z. mauritiana. All main axes and 97% of first order sylleptic branches ofZ. mauritiana abscised their apical buds during summer, but in Z. oenoplia all main axes and 54% of first order sylleptic branches remained active. Shoot tip abscission was almost complete on the higher order sylleptic branches of both species. Active first order branches in Z. oenoplia were confined to the top half of the shoot. Both species had a few dormant apical buds during the summer on their sylleptic branches, emerging mostly from the middle portion of the shoot. Some of the most vigorous first order branches of Z. oenoplia, which had dormant apical buds during summer, showed a change in the frequency of sylleptic branching when they resumed growth following monsoon showers. These characteristic growth and branching patterns may have adaptive value for canopy development under arid and semi-arid conditions. Copyright 1999 Annals of Botany Company

Ber, branching pattern, shoot polymorphism, shoot tip abscission, sylleptic branching, Zizyphus mauritiana, Zizyphus oenoplia.


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