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Annals of Botany 85: 403-406, 2000
© 2000 Annals of Botany Company

COMMUNICATION

Low Temperature Storage of Caryopses of Triticum durum: Viability and Longevity

Agostino Stefani+, Paolo Meletti, Valeriano Sbrana and Antonino Onnis

Scuola Superiore di Studi Universitari e di Perfezionamento S. Anna Pisa, Via G. Carducci 40, I-56127, Pisa, Italy Dipartimento di Scienze Botaniche dell', Università di Pisa, Via L. Ghini 5, I-56100, Pisa, Italy Dipartimento di Agronomia e Gestione dell'Agro Ecosistema dell', Università di Pisa, Via S. Michele degli Scalzi 2, I-56100, Pisa, Italy

Received: 2 July 1999 ; Returned for revision: 25 August 1999 . Accepted: 9 November 1999

ABSTRACT

Germination of Triticum durum Desf. ‘Cappelli’ caryopses stored in hermetically-sealed containers at 10°C or -20°C was analysed. Caryopses were maintained in laboratory conditions (20 ± 4°C) prior to controlled storage, which began 5 d, 240 d and 7 years after harvesting. In addition, after 9 years of storage, one 10°C stored batch of caryopses and two -20°C stored batches were returned to laboratory conditions. Germination over time and seed longevity were investigated. Results showed that: (1) under laboratory conditions, caryopses in relative (primary) dormancy at the beginning of storage had lost dormancy after 45 d and germination ability was lost by the end of year 7. (2) When stored at 10°C, relative dormancy in caryopses was lost within 1 year, but 100% germination ability was retained after 23 years of storage. (3) When stored at -20°C, caryopses that were dormant at the beginning of storage (5 d after harvesting) maintained this condition for 23 years while caryopses which were placed in storage 240 d after harvesting, when relative dormancy had already been broken, maintained 100% germination ability. Caryopses returned to laboratory conditions after 9 years of storage at 10°C or -20°C showed the same trend as caryopses maintained exclusively in laboratory conditions since the time of harvesting. Caryopses removed from -20°C overcame relative dormancy in 50 d and maintained germination ability for roughly 7 years, while those removed from 10°C lost the ability to germinate by the end of the fifth year. Copyright 2000 Annals of Botany Company

Germination, longevity, low-temperature-storage, Triticum durum, viability


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