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Annals of Botany 85: 705-711, 2000
© 2000 Annals of Botany Company

Souroubea guianensis Aubl.: Quest for its Legitimate Pollinator and the First Record of Tapetal Oil in the Marcgraviaceae

Isabel Cristina Machado+ and Ariadna Valentina Lopes

Departamento de Botânica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 50.372-970 Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil

Received: 11 August 1999 ; Returned for revision: 17 November 1999 . Accepted: 13 January 2000

The floral biology of Souroubea guianensis Aubl. was studied at Dois Irmãos forest, a remnant of Atlantic forest in Recife, Pernambuco state, northeastern Brazil. The flowers of S. guianensis have attributes which are not easily related to a particular pollination syndrome. They also have some uncommon characteristics, among them the presentation of pollen immersed in an oily fluid. The occurrence of this kind of pollen presentation in species of Marcgraviaceae is described here for the first time. The term tapetal oil is proposed for this unusual fluid. The flowers are protandrous, self-incompatible, last for 6 to 7 d, and fruit-set under natural conditions is low. Sugar concentrations in the nectar vary from 27.6 to 58.8%. After 105 h of observation for pollinators in 3 different years, no efficient pollinator was found. Fragmentation of natural habitats could be one of the causes for the local loss of the legitimate pollinator ofSouroubea guianensis . Copyright 2000 Annals of Botany Company

Marcgraviaceae, Souroubea, pollination, tapetal oil, pollen presentation, protandry, psychophily, ornithophily, Atlantic forest, fragmentation, northeastern Brazil


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