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Annals of Botany 88: 423-437, 2001
© 2001 Annals of Botany Company

Cunoniaceae in the Cretaceous of Europe: Evidence from Fossil Flowers

Jürg Schönenberger+, Else Marie Friis, Merran L. Matthews and Peter K. Endress

Department of Palaeobotany, Swedish Museum of Natural History, Box 50007, SE-104 05, Stockholm, Sweden Institute of Systematic Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstr. 107, CH-8008, Zurich, Switzerland

Received: 7 March 2001 ; Accepted: 17 May 2001

Fossil flowers of the Cunoniaceae from Late Cretaceous sediments of southern Sweden are described in detail. The flowers are small, bisexual, actinomorphic, tetramerous with broadly attached valvate sepals; they have narrowly attached petals; eight stamens in two whorls; a massive, lobed nectary; a semi-inferior, syncarpous gynoecium with axile placentation; numerous ovules; separate styles; and peltate, probably secretory, trichomes. They share many features with extant representatives of both the Cunoniaceae and Anisophylleaceae. However, the gynoecium structure in particular indicates a closer relationship to the Cunoniaceae. The floral characters are not specific for any extant genus of the family and therefore a new genus and species, Platydiscus peltatus gen. et sp. nov., is formally described. This is the first record of cunoniaceous floral structures from the Northern Hemisphere and the oldest record of Cunoniaceae flowers worldwide. Copyright 2001 Annals of Botany Company

Anisophylleaceae, Cunoniaceae, fossil flowers, Late Cretaceous, Oxalidales, Platydiscus peltatus gen. et sp. nov., Santonian-Campanian, southern Sweden


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