Annals of Botany 89: 613-620, 2002
© 2002 Annals of Botany Company
Early Ovule Development Following Self- and Cross-pollinations in Eucalyptus globulus Labill. ssp. globulus
1Department of Horticulture, Viticulture and Oenology, Adelaide University, Waite Campus, P.M.B. 1, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064, Australia and 2Cooperative Research Centre for Sustainable Production Forestry, andSchool of Plant Science, University of Tasmania, G.P.O. 25255, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia
* For correspondence. E-mail margaret.sedgley{at}adelaide.edu.au
Received: 5 November 2001; Returned for revision: 19 December 2001; Accepted: 28 January 2002.
The study was conducted to identify the self-incompatibility mechanism in Eucalyptus globulus ssp. globulus. Controlled self- and cross-pollinations were conducted on individual flowers from three mature trees that had self-incompatibility levels of 76, 99·6 and 100 %. Flowers were harvested at 4, 6 and 8 weeks after pollination. Embryology was investigated by bright field microscopy on material harvested at 4 and 6 weeks after pollination. Fertilization had taken place at 4 weeks after pollination with zygotes and free nuclear endosperm visible. There was a greater proportion of healthy, fertilized ovules in the cross- compared with the self-pollination treatment, and approx. half the ovules examined from both pollen treatments were not fertilized or were degenerating. By 6 weeks after pollination a few zygotes were starting to divide. The number of healthy, fertilized ovules was still greater in the cross-pollination treatment, but the number of healthy fertilized ovules was lower in both treatments compared with 4 weeks after pollination, and many ovules were degenerating. Fertilized ovules were significantly larger than non-fertilized or degenerating ovules and this difference was detectable by eye at 6 and 8 weeks after pollination. The mechanism of self-incompatibility appears to have both late pre- and post-zygotic components.
Key words: Eucalyptus globulus ssp. globulus, Tasmanian blue gum, self-incompatibility, controlled pollination, bright field microscopy, embryology, fertilization, ovule, zygote.