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Annals of Botany 89: 841-850, 2002
© 2002 Annals of Botany Company

Drought and Oxidative Load in the Leaves of C3 Plants: a Predominant Role for Photorespiration?

GRAHAM NOCTOR{dagger},1, SONJA VELJOVIC-JOVANOVIC2, SIMON DRISCOLL1, LARISSA NOVITSKAYA1 and CHRISTINE H. FOYER*,1

1Crop Performance and Improvement, IACR-Rothamsted, Harpenden, Herts AL5 2JQ, UK and 2Center for Multidisciplinary Studies, University of Belgrade, Kneza Viseslava 1a, 11030 Belgrade, Yugoslavia

* For correspondence. Fax + 44 (0)1582 763010, e-mail christine.foyer{at}bbsrc.ac.uk    {dagger} Present address. Université Paris VII/Institute de Biotechnologie des Plantes, Université Paris XI, Bât 630, 91405 Orsay cedex, France

Received: 18 July 2001; Returned for revision: 1 November 2001; Accepted: 12 November 2001.

Although active oxygen species are produced at high rates in both the chloroplasts and peroxisomes of the leaves of C3 plants, most attention has focused on the potentially damaging consequences of enhanced chloroplastic production in stress conditions such as drought. This article attempts to provide quantitative estimates of the relative contributions of the chloroplast electron transport chain and the glycolate oxidase reaction to the oxidative load placed on the photosynthetic leaf cell. Rates of photorespiratory H2O2 production were obtained from photosynthetic and photorespiratory flux rates, derived from steady-state leaf gas exchange measurements at varying irradiance and ambient CO2. Assuming a 10 % allocation of photosynthetic electron flow to the Mehler reaction, photorespiratory H2O2 production would account for about 70 % of total H2O2 formed at all irradiances measured. When chloroplastic CO2 concentration rates are decreased, photorespiration becomes even more predominant in H2O2 generation. At the increased flux through photorespiration observed at lower ambient CO2, the Mehler reaction would have to account for more than 35 % of the total photosynthetic electron flow in order to match the rate of peroxisomal H2O2 production. The potential signalling role of H2O2 produced in the peroxisomes is emphasized, and it is demonstrated that photorespiratory H2O2 can perturb the redox states of leaf antioxidant pools. We discuss the interactions between oxidants, antioxidants and redox changes leading to modified gene expression, particularly in relation to drought, and call attention to the potential significance of photorespiratory H2O2 in signalling and acclimation.

Key words: Oxidative load, photorespiration, H2O2, Mehler–peroxidase, wheat (Triticum aestivum), barley (Hordeum vulgare), catalase, glutathione, antioxidant, modelling.


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