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Annals of Botany 90: 477-484, 2002
© 2002 Annals of Botany Company

Pseudopollen and Food-hair Diversity in Polystachya Hook. (Orchidaceae)

K. L. DAVIES1, D. L. ROBERTS2 and M. P. TURNER3

1 Department of Earth Sciences, Cardiff University, PO Box 914, Cardiff CF10 3YE, UK, 2 Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey TW9 3AB, UK and 3 School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, PO Box 915, Cardiff CF10 3TL, UK

Received: 28 March 2002; Returned for revision: 14 June 2002; Accepted: 8 July 2002

Labellar food-hairs in Polystachya Hook. exhibit considerable morphological diversity. The commonest type of trichome is uniseriate, two to four-celled, with a clavate or subclavate terminal cell. This type occurs amongst representatives of most sections examined. Other trichomes are bristle-like with tapering or fusiform terminal cells, whereas representatives of section Polystachya have uniseriate, moniliform trichomes that fragment with the formation of rounded or elliptical component cells. Most contain protein and, while some contain starch, lipid is invariably absent. The presence of particular types of labellar trichomes does not coincide with variations in vegetative morphology. Thus, current taxonomic treatment of the genus indicates that trichome types, with perhaps the sole exception of moniliform, pseudopollen-forming hairs found in section Polystachya only, have limited taxonomic value. However, the remarkable similarity between pseudopollen-forming hairs of Polystachya and those of the Neotropical genus Maxillaria in terms of morphology, cellular dimensions and food content indicates that pseudopollen may have arisen several times and evolved in response to similar pollinator pressures.

Key words: Histochemistry, taxonomy, low-vacuum scanning electron microscopy, pollination, trichomes.


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