AOBPreview originally published online on July 26, 2004
Annals of Botany 2004 94(3):449-455; doi:10.1093/aob/mch165
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Annals of Botany 94/3, © Annals of Botany Company 2004; all rights reserved
Day–Night Changes of Energy-rich Compounds in Crassulacean Acid Metabolism (CAM) Species Utilizing Hexose and Starch
1 College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, P.R. China and 2 Faculty of Agriculture, Saga University, Saga, 840-8502 Japan
* For correspondence. E-mail lisongchen2002{at}hotmail.com
Received: 19 March 2004 Returned for revision: 16 May 2004 Accepted: 7 June 2004 Published electronically: 26 July 2004
• Background and Aims Plants with crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) can be divided into two groups according to the major carbohydrates used for malic acid synthesis, either polysaccharide (starch) or monosaccharide (hexose). This is related to the mechanism and affects energy metabolism in the two groups. In Kalanchoë pinnata and K. daigremontiana, which utilize starch, ATP-dependent phosphofructokinase (tonoplast inorganic pyrophosphatase) activity is greater than inorganic pyrophosphate-dependent phosphofructokinase (tonoplast adenosine triphosphatase) activity, but the reverse is the case in pineapple (Ananas comosus) utilizing hexose. To test the hypothesis that the energy metabolism of the two groups differs, day-night changes in the contents of ATP, ADP, AMP, inorganic phosphate (Pi), phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) and inorganic pyrophosphate (PPi) in K. pinnata and K. daigremontiana leaves and in pineapple chlorenchyma were analysed.
• Methods The contents of energy-rich compounds were measured spectrophotometrically in extracts of tissue sampled in the light and dark, using potted plants, kept for 15 d before the experiments in a growth chamber.
• Key Results In the three species, ATP content and adenylate energy charge (AEC) increased in the dark and decreased in the light, in contrast to ADP and AMP. Changes in ATP and AEC were greater in Kalanchoë leaves than in pineapple chlorenchyma. PPi content in the three species increased in the dark, but on illumination it decreased rapidly and substantially, remaining little changed through the rest of the light period. Pi content of Kalanchoë leaves did not change between dark and light, whereas Pi in pineapple chlorenchyma increased in the dark and decreased in the light, and the changes were far greater than in Kalanchoë leaves. Light-dark changes in PEP content in the three species were similar.
• Conclusions These results corroborate our hypothesis that day–night changes in the contents of energy-rich compounds differ between CAM species and are related to the carbohydrate used for malic acid synthesis.
Key words: Ananas comosus, ATP, chlorenchyma, crassulacean acid metabolism, inorganic pyrophosphate, Kalanchoë daigremontiana, Kalanchoë pinnata, phosphoenolpyruvate
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