AOBPreview originally published online on August 19, 2004
Annals of Botany 2004 94(4):481-495; doi:10.1093/aob/mch172
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Annals of Botany 94/4, © Annals of Botany Company 2004; all rights reserved
INVITED REVIEW |
The Effect of Stress on Genome Regulation and Structure
1 University of Puget Sound, Department of Biology, Tacoma, WA 98416, USA and 2 University of Washington, Department of Biology, Box 355325, Seattle, WA 98195-5325, USA
* For correspondence. E-mail comai{at}u.washington.edu
Received: 16 February 2004 Returned for revision: 12 April 2004 Accepted: 17 June 2004 Published electronically: 19 August 2004
• Background Stresses exert evolutionary pressures on all organisms, which have developed sophisticated responses to cope and survive. These responses involve cellular physiology, gene regulation and genome remodelling.
• Scope In this review, the effects of stress on genomes and the connected responses are considered. Recent developments in our understanding of epigenetic genome regulation, including the role of RNA interference (RNAi), suggest a function for this in stress initiation and response. We review our knowledge of how different stresses, tissue culture, pathogen attack, abiotic stress, and hybridization, affect genomes. Using allopolyploid hybridization as an example, we examine mechanisms that may mediate genomic responses, focusing on RNAi-mediated perturbations.
• Conclusions A common response to stresses may be the relaxation of epigenetic regulation, leading to activation of suppressed sequences and secondary effects as regulatory systems attempt to re-establish genomic order.
Key words: Genomic shock, stress, pathogen, genome, hybridization, allopolyploid, transposon, heterochromatin
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