AOBPreview originally published online on August 11, 2004
Annals of Botany 2004 94(4):515-526; doi:10.1093/aob/mch180
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Annals of Botany 94/4, © Annals of Botany Company 2004; all rights reserved
Light, Conventional and Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy of the Trichomes of Cucurbita pepo subsp. pepo var. styriaca and Histochemistry of Glandular Secretory Products
1 Institute of Plant Physiology, University of Graz, Schubertstraße 51, A-8010 Graz, Austria
* For correspondence. E-mail dagmar.kolb{at}stud.uni-graz.at
Received: 15 April 2004 Returned for revision: 9 June 2004 Accepted: 29 June 2004 Published electronically: 11 August 2004
• Background and Aims In the present study, the differences between glandular and non-glandular trichomes, the secretory process and the method of secretion were studied. Previous studies on leaves of Styrian oil pumpkin (Cucurbia pepo var. styriaca) plants have shown that four morphologically and ontogenetically independent glandular and non-glandular trichome types and one bristle hair type can be distinguished. The four types of trichomes can be categorized into three glandular trichome types: type I, a short-stalked trichome with four head cells including a ‘middle-cell’, two stalk cells and one basal cell; type II, a long-stalked trichome with two head cells, a ‘neck-cell’ region and a long stalk area; type IV, a ‘stipitate-capitate’ trichome with a mesophyll cell basement, a short stalk and a multicellular head; type III, a non-glandular ‘columnar-digit’ trichome, which consists of two head cells continuous with three-celled stalk, and the basal cell.
• Methods The histochemical studies (the main classes of metabolite in secreted material of glandular trichomes) were conducted in fresh and fixed hand sections, using the following tests: Sudan black B, Nile blue A, osmium tetroxide, neutral red, Naturstoffreagent A, FSA (fuchsin–safranin–astra blue), NADI (naphthol + dimethylparaphenylenediamine) and ruthenium red. Each suggested differences in the intercalations during the ontogenetical development of each trichome during the development stage.
• Key Results The histochemical reactions revealed the main components of the materials secreted by all types of trichomes, which include lipids, flavones and terpenes and the different cell wall compositions. Glandular secretions were observed during environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM) and the trichomes compared with those seen by conventional scanning electron microscopy (CSEM).
• Conclusions Scanning electron microscopy and histochemical analysis demonstrated that each of the trichomes studied produced and released secretory products in a characteristic way.
Key words: Cucurbita pepo subsp. pepo var. styriaca, Styrian oil pumpkin, Cucurbitaceae, glandular and non-glandular trichomes, histochemistry, morphology, secretory process, secretory products, conventional scanning electron microscopy (CSEM) and environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM), light microscopy (LM)
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