AOBPreview originally published online on March 29, 2005
Annals of Botany 2005 95(7):1105-1111; doi:10.1093/aob/mci129
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Herkogamy and Mating Patterns in the Self-compatible Daffodil Narcissus longispathus
1 Estación Biológica de Doñana, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, E-41013 Sevilla, Spain and 2 Department of Botany, University of Toronto, 25 Willcocks Street, Toronto, ON, Canada M5S 3B2
* For correspondence. E-mail monica{at}ebd.csic.es
Received: 10 December 2004 Returned for revision: 20 January 2005 Accepted: 14 February 2005 Published electronically: 29 March 2005
• Background and Aims Floral design in self-compatible plants can influence mating patterns. This study investigated Narcissus longispathus, a self-compatible bee-pollinated species with wide variation in anther–stigma separation (herkogamy), to determine the relationship between variation in this floral trait and the relative amounts of cross- and self-fertilization.
• Methods Anther–stigma separation was measured in the field in six populations of N. longispathus from south-eastern Spain. Variation in herkogamy during the life of individual flowers was also quantified. Multilocus outcrossing rates were estimated from plants differing in herkogamy using allozyme markers.
• Key Results Anther–stigma separation varied considerably among flowers within the six populations studied (range = 1–10 mm). This variation was nearly one order of magnitude larger than the slight, statistically non-significant developmental variation during the lifespan of individual flowers. Estimates of multilocus outcrossing rate for different herkogamy classes (tm range = 0·49–0·76) failed to reveal a monotonic increase with increasing herkogamy.
• Conclusions It is suggested that the lack of a positive relationship between herkogamy and outcrossing rate, a result that has not been previously documented for other species, could be mostly related to details of the foraging behaviour of pollinators.
Key words: Allozymes, Amaryllidaceae, anther–stigma separation, floral design, herkogamy, intra- and interpopulation variation, Narcissus longispathus, outcrossing rates
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