AOBPreview originally published online on July 20, 2005
Annals of Botany 2005 96(5):737-743; doi:10.1093/aob/mci227
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BOTANICAL BRIEFING |
Gravity Signal Transduction in Primary Roots
Laboratory of Genetics, University of WisconsinMadison, 425-G Henry Mall, Madison, WI 53706, USA
* For correspondence. E-mail phmasson{at}wisc.edu
Received: 18 March 2005 Returned for revision: 14 April 2005 Accepted: 25 May 2005 Published electronically: 20 July 2005
Aims The molecular mechanisms that correlate with gravity perception and signal transduction in the tip of angiosperm primary roots are discussed.
Scope Gravity provides a cue for downward orientation of plant roots, allowing anchorage of the plant and uptake of the water and nutrients needed for growth and development. Root gravitropism involves a succession of physiological steps: gravity perception and signal transduction (mainly mediated by the columella cells of the root cap); signal transmission to the elongation zone; and curvature response. Interesting new insights into gravity perception and signal transduction within the root tip have accumulated recently by use of a wide range of experimental approaches in physiology, biochemistry, genetics, genomics, proteomics and cell biology. The data suggest a network of signal transduction pathways leading to a lateral redistribution of auxin across the root cap and a possible involvement of cytokinin in initial phases of gravicurvature.
Conclusion These new discoveries illustrate the complexity of a highly redundant gravity-signalling process in roots, and help to elucidate the global mechanisms that govern auxin transport and morphogenetic regulation in roots.
Key words: Root gravitropism, gravity signal transduction, root cap, elongation zone, amyloplast, statolith, auxin transport, cytokinin
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