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AOBPreview originally published online on August 10, 2005
Annals of Botany 2005 96(5):845-852; doi:10.1093/aob/mci236
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© The Author 2005. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Annals of Botany Company. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Plant Traits, Environmental Factors, and Pollinator Visitation in Winter-flowering Helleborus foetidus (Ranunculaceae)

ALFONSO M. SÁNCHEZ-LAFUENTE1,*, JAVIER GUITIÁN2, MÓNICA MEDRANO1, CARLOS M. HERRERA1, PEDRO J. REY3 and XIM CERDÁ1

1 Estación Biológica de Doñana (CSIC), Avda. de Maria Luisa s/n, Pabellón del Perú, E-41013 Sevilla, Spain, 2 Departamento de Botánica, Universidad de Santiago, Campus Sur, E-15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain and 3 Departamento de Biología Animal, Vegetal y Ecología, Universidad de Jaén, E-23071 Jaén, Spain

* For correspondence at: Departamento de Biología Vegetal y Ecología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Spain. E-mail slafuente{at}us.es

Received: 18 March 2005    Returned for revision: 19 May 2005    Accepted: 16 June 2005    Published electronically: 10 August 2005

• Background and Aims This study examined the effect of plant traits and environmental factors on pollinator visitation in the winter-flowering Helleborus foetidus (Ranunculaceae) in three distant regions in the Iberian Peninsula.

• Methods Geographical variation in floral visitor assemblage, plant traits and environmental factors were analysed during the flowering season.

• Key Results Differences were found in all plant traits measured (number of open flowers, flower size, number of stamens per flower, and number of nectaries) both within and among regions, and differences among regions in all the environmental factors considered (air temperature, exposure to sunlight, canopy cover, and distance to the nearest neighbour). Differences were also found among regions in the probability that plants would be visited by pollinators.

• Conclusions The results show that, although floral display (i.e. number of open flowers on a plant on a given day) consistently explained among-plant differences in visitation rate in all regions, visitation rate was not significantly affected by any other biological or environmental variable. In Helleborus foetidus, then, ‘how’ the plant is would seem to be more important than ‘where’ is it.

Key words: Environmental factors, floral display, Helleborus foetidus, plant traits, pollinator visitation, winter flowering


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