AOBPreview originally published online on October 31, 2005
Annals of Botany 2006 97(1):11-27; doi:10.1093/aob/mcj001
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INVITED REVIEW |
Epigenetics and its Implications for Plant Biology 2. The Epigenetic Epiphany: Epigenetics, Evolution and Beyond
Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, Rodney Porter Building, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3RB, UK
* For correspondence. E-mail robert.grant-downton{at}plants.ox.ac.uk
Received: 6 March 2005 Returned for revision: 23 May 2005 Accepted: 22 August 2005 Published electronically: 31 October 2005
Scope In the second part of a two-part review, the ubiquity and universality of epigenetic systems is emphasized, and attention is drawn to the key roles they play, ranging from transducing environmental signals to altering gene expression, genomic architecture and defence.
Key Issues The importance of transience versus heritability in epigenetic marks is examined, as are the potential for stable epigenetic marks to contribute to plant evolution, and the mechanisms generating novel epigenetic variation, such as stress and interspecific hybridization.
Future Prospects It is suggested that the ramifications of epigenetics in plant biology are immense, yet unappreciated. In contrast to the ease with which the DNA sequence can be studied, studying the complex patterns inherent in epigenetics poses many problems. Greater knowledge of patterns of epigenetic variation may be informative in taxonomy and systematics, as well as population biology and conservation.
Key words: Epigenetics, ploidy, hybrids, DNA methylation, histones, RNA, chromatin, silencing, transgenes, transposons, genome evolution, plant population biology, plant systematics, variation, heritability, plant development
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