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AOBPreview originally published online on May 4, 2006
Annals of Botany 2006 98(1):49-55; doi:10.1093/aob/mcl084
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© The Author 2006. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Annals of Botany Company. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Distribution of G-actin is Related to Root Hair Growth of Wheat

XUE HE, YI-MIN LIU, WEI WANG and YAN LI*

State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China

* For correspondence. E-mail liyan{at}cau.edu.cn

Received: 30 November 2005    Accepted: 22 February 2006    Published electronically: 4 May 2006

• Background and Aims Actin distribution in root hair tips is a controversial topic. Although the relationship between Ca2+ gradient and actin dynamics in plant tip-growth has been a focus of study, there is still little direct evidence on the exact relationship in root hair tip-growth.

• Methods G-actin was labelled by fluorescein isothiocyanate–DNase I. F-actin was labelled by tetramethylrhodamine isothiocyanate–phalloidin. Actin in root hairs of Triticum aestivum (wheat) was investigated using confocal laser-scanning microscopy.

• Key Results Thick F-actin bundles did not extend into a region of approx. 5–10 µm from the tip of the growing root hairs, although they gave off branches of fine actin filaments in the hair tips. A tip-focused G-actin gradient was shown at the extreme apex of growing root hairs. In full-grown wheat root hairs, the tip-focused G-actin gradient disappeared while the thick F-actin bundles extended into the tips. BAPTA-AM, a Ca2+ disruption agent, also caused the tip-focused G-actin gradient to disappear and the diffuse F-actin bundles to appear in the tips of wheat root hairs.

• Conclusions These results suggest that the tip-focused gradient of intracellular G-actin concentration at the extreme apex may be essential for root hair growth, and that preserving the tip-focused gradient needs a high Ca2+ concentration in the root hair tips.

Key words: G-actin, F-actin, root hairs, plant tip-growth, Ca2+, BAPTA-AM, Triticum aestivum, wheat


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