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AOBPreview originally published online on January 26, 2007
Annals of Botany 2007 99(6):1043-1054; doi:10.1093/aob/mcl281
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© The Author 2007. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Annals of Botany Company. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

INVITED REVIEW

Natural Genetic Variation in Arabidopsis: Tools, Traits and Prospects for Evolutionary Ecology

Chikako Shindo1,2, Giorgina Bernasconi2 and Christian S. Hardtke1,*

1 Department of Plant Molecular Biology
2 Department of Ecology and Evolution, Biophore Building, University of Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland

* For correspondence. E-mail christian.hardtke{at}unil.ch

Received: 1 October 2006    Returned for revision: 8 November 2006    Accepted: 22 November 2006    Published electronically: 26 January 2007

Background: The model plant Arabidopsis thaliana (Arabidopsis) shows a wide range of genetic and trait variation among wild accessions. Because of its unparalleled biological and genomic resources, the potential of Arabidopsis for molecular genetic analysis of this natural variation has increased dramatically in recent years.

Scope: Advanced genomics has accelerated molecular phylogenetic analysis and gene identification by quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping and/or association mapping in Arabidopsis. In particular, QTL mapping utilizing natural accessions is now becoming a major strategy of gene isolation, offering an alternative to artificial mutant lines. Furthermore, the genomic information is used by researchers to uncover the signature of natural selection acting on the genes that contribute to phenotypic variation. The evolutionary significance of such genes has been evaluated in traits such as disease resistance and flowering time. However, although molecular hallmarks of selection have been found for the genes in question, a corresponding ecological scenario of adaptive evolution has been difficult to prove. Ecological strategies, including reciprocal transplant experiments and competition experiments, and utilizing near-isogenic lines of alleles of interest will be a powerful tool to measure the relative fitness of phenotypic and/or allelic variants.

Conclusions: As the plant model organism, Arabidopsis provides a wealth of molecular background information for evolutionary genetics. Because genetic diversity between and within Arabidopsis populations is much higher than anticipated, combining this background information with ecological approaches might well establish Arabidopsis as a model organism for plant evolutionary ecology.

Key words: Arabidopsis, natural genetic variation, natural trait variation, QTL mapping, LD mapping, plant development, plant evolution, molecular ecology


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