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AOBPreview originally published online on February 3, 2009
Annals of Botany 2009 103(6):859-868; doi:10.1093/aob/mcp010
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© The Author 2009. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Annals of Botany Company. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Starch storage in the stems of wheat plants: localization and temporal changes

Graham N. Scofield, Sari A. Ruuska, Naohiro Aoki{dagger}, David C. Lewis, Linda M. Tabe and Colin L. D. Jenkins*

CSIRO Plant Industry, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia

* For correspondence. E-mail colin.jenkins{at}csiro.au

Received: 17 September 2008    Returned for revision: 29 October 2008    Accepted: 11 December 2008    Published electronically: 3 February 2009

Background and Aims: Carbohydrate temporarily accumulates in wheat stems during the early reproductive growth phase, predominantly as water soluble carbohydrate (WSC), and is subsequently remobilized during grain filling. Starch has also been reported as a minor storage carbohydrate component in wheat stems, but the details are lacking.

Methods: The accumulation and localization of starch in wheat stem and leaf sheath tissue over a developmental period from 6 d before anthesis to 35 d after anthesis was investigated.

Key Results: The region of the peduncle enclosed by the flag-leaf sheath, and the penultimate internode were the main tissues identified as containing starch, in which the starch grains localized to the storage parenchyma cells. In contrast, the exposed peduncle lacked starch grains. Starch grains were also found in the flag-leaf and second-leaf sheath. Plants grown in low-nitrogen conditions exhibited increased storage of both starch and WSC compared with plants grown in high-nitrogen supply.

Conclusions: The major accumulation and decrease of starch occurred temporally independently to that for WSC, suggesting a different functional role for starch in wheat stems. Starch reutilization concomitant with peduncle growth, and the early development of the reproductive structures, suggested a role in provision of energy and/or carbon scaffolds for these growth processes.

Key words: Carbohydrate partitioning, peduncle, starch, wheat stem, storage parenchyma, Triticum aestivum

{dagger} Present address: Laboratory of Crop Science Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Science, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunko, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan.


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