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Annals of Botany 87: 67-76, 2001
© 2001 Annals of Botany Company

Morphological, Anatomical and Physiological Responses Related to Differential Shoot vs. Root Growth Inhibition at Low Temperature in Spring and Winter Wheat

Maria A. Equiza+, Juan P. Miravé and Jorge A. Tognetti

Cátedra de Fisiología Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata (UNMdP), CC 276, 7620, Balcarce, Argentina Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Fundación para Investigaciones Biológicas Aplicadas, CC 1348, 7600, Mar del Plata, Argentina

Received: 18 May 2000 ; Returned for revision: 11 August 2000 . Accepted: 18 September 2000

Several morphological, anatomical and physiological changes and their relationship with differential root vs. shoot growth inhibition at low temperature (5°C) were studied in spring and winter wheat cultivars. Root:shoot ratios, expressed either as a function of root and shoot fresh weight or as a function of root and leaf areas, increased at low temperature and this increment was more pronounced in spring cultivars than in winter ones. Although winter cultivars developed relatively smaller root systems at 5°C, this characteristic was counterbalanced by a lower stomatal frequency and increased thickness of epidermal cell walls in leaves unfolded at this temperature, relative to spring cultivars. Likewise, at 5°C a decrease in the osmotic potential of shoots and roots was observed in parallel with sugar accumulation; this decrease was more marked in winter cultivars. These results indicate a differential morpho-anatomical and physiological plasticity of winter and spring cultivars during development at low temperature. The possible association between these changes and plant water economy at low temperatures is discussed. Copyright 2001 Annals of Botany Company

Spring wheat, winter wheat, Triticum aestivum, low temperature, root:shoot ratio, root surface area, stomatal frequency, osmotic potential


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