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Annals of Botany 88: 843-849, 2001
© 2001 Annals of Botany Company

Nuclear DNA C-values Complete Familial Representation in Gymnosperms

Ilia J. Leitch+, Lynda Hanson, Mark Winfield, John Parker and Michael D. Bennett

Jodrell Laboratory, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey, TW9 3DS, UK University Botanic Garden, Cory Lodge, Bateman Street, Cambridge, CB2 1JF, UK

Received: 8 June 2001 ; Returned for revision: 26 June 2001 . Accepted: 7 July 2001

The gymnosperms are a monophyletic yet diverse group of woody trees with approx. 730 extant species in 17 families. A recent survey showed that DNA C-values were available for approx. 16% of species, but for only 12 of the 17 families. This paper completes familial representation reporting first C-values for the five remaining families: Boweniaceae, Stangeriaceae, Welwitschiaceae, Cephalotaxaceae and Sciadopityaceae. C-values for nine Ephedra and two Gnetum species are also reported. C-values are now available for 152 (21%) species. Analysis confirms that gymnosperms are characterized by larger C-values than angiosperms (modal 1C of gymnosperms = 15.8 pg compared with 0.6 pg in angiosperms) although the range (1C = 2.25–32.20 pg) is smaller than that in angiosperms (1C = 0.05–127.4 pg). Given complete familial coverage for C-values and increasing consensus in gymnosperm phylogeny, the phylogenetic component of C-value variation was also investigated by comparing the two datasets. This analysis revealed that ancestral gymnosperms (represented by cycads and/orGinkgo ; mean genome size = 14.71 pg) probably had larger genomes than ancestral angiosperms. Copyright 2001 Annals of Botany Company

Gymnosperm DNA amounts, C-values, phylogeny, ancestral genome size, Cycadales, Ginkgo, Gnetales, conifers, Pinaceae


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