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AOBPreview originally published online on August 5, 2002
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Annals of Botany 90: 369-377, 2002
© 2002 Annals of Botany Company

Correlation of Cytokinin Levels in the Endosperms and Roots with Cell Number and Cell Division Activity during Endosperm Development in Rice

JIANCHANG YANG1, JIANHUA ZHANG*,2, ZULIU HUANG1, ZHIQING WANG1, QINGSEN ZHU1 and LIJUN LIU1

1 College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China and 2 Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China

* For correspondence. Fax +852 2339 5995, e-mail jzhang{at}hkbu.edu.hk

Received: 18 April 2002; Returned for revision: 30 May 2002; Accepted: 7 June 2002    Published electronically: 5 August 2002

Cell number and cell division activity in rice (Oryza sativa) endosperms are possibly regulated by cytokinin levels in the endosperm and its source in the roots. This study tried to find the possible correlations among them. Six rice genotypes were grown in nutrient solution. Two patterns of endosperm cell division, synchronous and asynchronous, were observed among the genotypes based on the cell division rate of superior and inferior spikelets. Contents of zeatin (Z) + zeatin riboside (ZR) were much higher than those of N6-isopentenyladenine (iP) and N6-isopentenyladenosine (iPR) in both endosperms and roots. Changes in Z + ZR levels in endosperms were significantly correlated with those in roots, and both were very significantly correlated with the cell division rate. Changes in iP + iPR contents in the roots were not significantly correlated with those in the endosperms and the cell division rate. When roots were treated with kinetin, endosperm cell number and grain weight were increased. Such enhancement was more significantly achieved by the root kinetin treatment than by spraying kinetin on leaves and panicles. The results suggest that the cell number and cell division activity in rice endosperms are regulated by cytokinin levels in the endosperm and that root-derived Z + ZR play a pivotal role.

Key words: Cell division activity, cytokinin, endosperm, rice, Oryza sativa L., root.


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