Annals of Botany 95/1 © Annals of Botany Company 2005; all rights reserved
Evolution of Genome Size in Brassicaceae
1 Department of Entomology, 2 Department of Biology, 3 Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA and 4 Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
* For correspondence. E-mail spencerj{at}tamu.edu
Received: 5 November 2003 Returned for revision: 8 January 2004 Accepted: 2 March 2004
• Background and Aims Brassicaceae, with nearly 340 genera and more than 3350 species, anchors the low range of angiosperm genome sizes. The relatively narrow range of DNA content (0·16 pg < 1C < 1·95 pg) was maintained in spite of extensive chromosomal change. The aim of this study was to erect a cytological and molecular phylogenetic framework for a selected subset of the Brassicacae, and use this as a template to examine genome size evolution in Brassicaceae.
• Methods DNA contents were determined by flow cytometry and chromosomes were counted for 34 species of the family Brassicaceae and for ten Arabidopsis thaliana ecotypes. The amplified and sequenced ITS region for 23 taxa (plus six other taxa with known ITS sequences) were aligned and used to infer evolutionary relationship by parsimony analysis.
• Key Results DNA content in the species studied ranged over 8-fold (1C = 0·16–1·31 pg), and 4·4-fold (1C = 0·16–0·71 pg) excluding allotetraploid Brassica species. The 1C DNA contents of ten Arabidopsis thaliana ecotypes showed little variation, ranging from 0·16 pg to 0·17 pg.
• Conclusions The tree roots at an ancestral genome size of approximately 1x = 0·2 pg. Arabidopsis thaliana (1C = 0·16 pg; 
157 Mbp) has the smallest genome size in Brassicaceae studied here and apparently represents an evolutionary decrease in genome size. Two other branches that represent probable evolutionary decreases in genome size terminate in Lepidium virginicum and Brassica rapa. Branches in the phylogenetic tree that represent probable evolutionary increases in genome size terminate in Arabidopsis halleri, A. lyrata, Arabis hirsuta, Capsella rubella, Caulanthus heterophyllus, Crucihimalaya, Lepidium sativum, Sisymbrium and Thlaspi arvense. Branches within one clade containing Brassica were identified that represent two ancient ploidy events (2x to 4x and 4x to 6x) that were predicted from published comparative mapping studies.
Key words: Arabidopsis, Brassicaceae, ITS phylogeny, DNA content, genome size, chromosome number
CiteULike 
Connotea 
Del.icio.us What's this?
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  P. Smarda, P. Bures, L. Horova, B. Foggi, and G. Rossi Genome Size and GC Content Evolution of Festuca: Ancestral Expansion and Subsequent Reduction Ann. Bot., February 1, 2008; 101(3): 421 - 433. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 G. Willems, D. B. Drager, M. Courbot, C. Gode, N. Verbruggen, and P. Saumitou-Laprade The Genetic Basis of Zinc Tolerance in the Metallophyte Arabidopsis halleri ssp. halleri (Brassicaceae): An Analysis of Quantitative Trait Loci Genetics, May 1, 2007; 176(1): 659 - 674. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. E. Schranz, A. J. Windsor, B.-h. Song, A. Lawton-Rauh, and T. Mitchell-Olds Comparative Genetic Mapping in Boechera stricta, a Close Relative of Arabidopsis Plant Physiology, May 1, 2007; 144(1): 286 - 298. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. A. Koch, C. Dobes, C. Kiefer, R. Schmickl, L. Klimes, and M. A. Lysak Supernetwork Identifies Multiple Events of Plastid trnF(GAA) Pseudogene Evolution in the Brassicaceae Mol. Biol. Evol., January 1, 2007; 24(1): 63 - 73. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 T. Slotte, A. Ceplitis, B. Neuffer, H. Hurka, and M. Lascoux Intrageneric phylogeny of Capsella (Brassicaceae) and the origin of the tetraploid C. bursa-pastoris based on chloroplast and nuclear DNA sequences Am. J. Botany, November 1, 2006; 93(11): 1714 - 1724. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. I. Wright, J. P. Foxe, L. DeRose-Wilson, A. Kawabe, M. Looseley, B. S. Gaut, and D. Charlesworth Testing for Effects of Recombination Rate on Nucleotide Diversity in Natural Populations of Arabidopsis lyrata Genetics, November 1, 2006; 174(3): 1421 - 1430. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. S. Kim, T. Y. Chung, G. J. King, M. Jin, T.-J. Yang, Y.-M. Jin, H.-I. Kim, and B.-S. Park A Sequence-Tagged Linkage Map of Brassica rapa Genetics, September 1, 2006; 174(1): 29 - 39. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Kawabe, B. Hansson, J. Hagenblad, A. Forrest, and D. Charlesworth Centromere Locations and Associated Chromosome Rearrangements in Arabidopsis lyrata and A. thaliana Genetics, July 1, 2006; 173(3): 1613 - 1619. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 T.-J. Yang, J. S. Kim, S.-J. Kwon, K.-B. Lim, B.-S. Choi, J.-A Kim, M. Jin, J. Y. Park, M.-H. Lim, H.-I. Kim, et al. Sequence-Level Analysis of the Diploidization Process in the Triplicated FLOWERING LOCUS C Region of Brassica rapa PLANT CELL, June 1, 2006; 18(6): 1339 - 1347. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. E. Schranz and T. Mitchell-Olds Independent Ancient Polyploidy Events in the Sister Families Brassicaceae and Cleomaceae PLANT CELL, May 1, 2006; 18(5): 1152 - 1165. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. J. Windsor, M. E. Schranz, N. Formanova, S. Gebauer-Jung, J. G. Bishop, D. Schnabelrauch, J. Kroymann, and T. Mitchell-Olds Partial Shotgun Sequencing of the Boechera stricta Genome Reveals Extensive Microsynteny and Promoter Conservation with Arabidopsis. Plant Physiology, April 1, 2006; 140(4): 1169 - 1182. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. E. Hall, G. C. Kettler, and D. Preuss Dynamic evolution at pericentromeres Genome Res., March 1, 2006; 16(3): 355 - 364. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. E. Hall, S. Luo, A. E. Hall, and D. Preuss Differential Rates of Local and Global Homogenization in Centromere Satellites From Arabidopsis Relatives Genetics, August 1, 2005; 170(4): 1913 - 1927. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. D. BENNETT and I. J. LEITCH Plant Genome Size Research: A Field In Focus Ann. Bot., January 1, 2005; 95(1): 1 - 6. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. D. BENNETT and I. J. LEITCH Nuclear DNA Amounts in Angiosperms: Progress, Problems and Prospects Ann. Bot., January 1, 2005; 95(1): 45 - 90. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
I. J. LEITCH, D. E. SOLTIS, P. S. SOLTIS, and M. D. BENNETT Evolution of DNA Amounts Across Land Plants (Embryophyta) Ann. Bot., January 1, 2005; 95(1): 207 - 217. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. GREILHUBER, J. DOLEZEL, M. A. LYSAK, and M. D. BENNETT The Origin, Evolution and Proposed Stabilization of the Terms 'Genome Size' and 'C-Value' to Describe Nuclear DNA Contents Ann. Bot., January 1, 2005; 95(1): 255 - 260. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|