AOBPreview published online on March 6, 2003
Annals of Botany, doi:10.1093/aob/mcg067
© 2003 by Annals of Botany Company
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Submitted on October 2, 2002
Affiliation of the authors:
1 Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK;
2 Institute of Terrestrial Ecology, Bangor Research Station, Orton Building, Deiniol Road, Bangor, Gwynedd LL57 2UP, UK;
3 Department of Biological Sciences, University of Durham, South Road, Durham DH1 3JP, UK
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: s.pierce{at}sheffield.ac.uk.
Pseudovivipary is an asexual reproductive strategy exhibited by some arctic/alpine grasses in which leafy plantlets are produced in place of seeds, with genetic conservation an advantage for stress tolerators in these nutrient-poor habitats. Photosynthetic metabolism and the development of this reproductive system were investigated under varying nutrient availability and predicted future CO2 partial pressure (pCO2). Poa alpina var. vivipara L., grown at present ambient pCO2 or ambient plus 340 µmol mol-1 CO2 (elevated pCO2), was supplied with either 0·05 mol m-3 phosphorus and 0·2 mol m-3 nitrogen, or 0·2 mol m-3 phosphorus and 1·0 mol m-3 nitrogen. Gas exchange measurements and determination of total non-structural carbohydrate (TNC), nitrogen and phosphorus contents revealed that parent plant leaf blade tissues experienced acclimatory loss of photosynthetic capacity after long-term growth at elevated pCO2 (particularly so when nutrient availability was low); there were associated reductions in photosynthetic nitrogen and phosphorus use efficiencies (PNUE and PPUE). In addition, decreased PNUE and PPUE were exhibited by plantlets grown at elevated pCO2 with low nutrient availability. Decreased reproductive dry matter in this treatment also resulted from a lack of reproductive initiation in daughter tillers, and altered phenology. Pseudoviviparous P. alpina is likely to be at a disadvantage in both vegetative and reproductive phases at predicted future elevated atmospheric CO2 concentrations, particularly where nutrients are scarce and when in competition with species experiencing less acclimatory loss of photosynthetic capacity.
Revised on December 3, 2002
Accepted on January 21, 2003
Pseudoviviparous Reproduction of Poa alpina var. vivipara L. (Poaceae) during Long-term Exposure to Elevated Atmospheric CO2
SIMON PIERCE1*,
Key words: Alpine meadow grass, elevated pCO2, nutrient availability, photosynthetic acclimation, photosynthetic nutrient use efficiency, Poa alpina var. vivipara, pseudovivipary, prolification.
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