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AOBPreview published online on October 5, 2004
Annals of Botany, doi:10.1093/aob/mch212
© 2004 by Annals of Botany Company
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Received April 21, 2004
Revised July 29, 2004
Accepted August 19, 2004

Article

Soybean (Glycine max) Pollen Germination Characteristics, Flower and Pollen Morphology in Response to Enhanced Ultraviolet-B Radiation

S. KOTI 1, K. R. REDDY 1*, V. G. KAKANI 1, D. ZHAO 1, and V. R. REDDY 2

1 Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Box 9555, 117 Dorman Hall, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA
2 USDA-ARS, Alternate Crops and Systems Laboratory, Bldg 001, Rm 342, BARC-W, 10300 Baltimore Avenue, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: krreddy{at}ra.msstate.edu.


  Abstract

• Background and Aims Ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation effect on reproductive parts of the plants has received little attention. We studied the influence of UV-B radiation on flower and pollen morphology, pollen production and in vitro pollen germination and tube growth of six genotypes of soybean (Glycine max).

• Methods Soybean genotypes were investigated by growing them under four levels of biologically effective UV-B radiation of 0 (control), 5, 10 and 15 kJ m-2 d-1 in sunlit controlled-environment chambers.

• Key Results Reductions in lengths of flower, standard petal, and staminal column along with reduced pollen production, germination and tube growth were observed in all genotypes with increasing UV-B radiation. Combined response index (CRI), the sum of percentage relative responses in flower size, pollen production, pollen germination and tube growth due to UV-B radiation varied with UV-B dosage: -67 to -152 with 5 kJ m-2 d-1, -90 to -212 with 10 kJ m-2 d-1, and -118 to -248 with 15 kJ m-2 d-1 of UV-B compared to controls. Genotypes were classified based on the UV-B sensitivity index (USI) calculated as CRI per unit UV-B, where D 90-9216, DG 5630RR and D 88-5320 were classified as tolerant (USI > -7·43), and DP 4933RR, Stalwart III and PI 471938 were sensitive (USI < -7·43) in their response to UV-B radiation. Pollen grains produced in plants grown at 15 kJ m-2 d-1 UV-B radiation were shrivelled and lacked apertures compared to control and other UV-B treatments in both sensitive and tolerant genotypes, and the differences were more conspicuous in the sensitive genotype (PI 471938) than in the tolerant genotype (D 90-9216). The number of columellae heads of the exine was reduced with increasing UV-B radiation.

• Conclusions Soybean genotypes varied in their reproductive response to UV-B radiation. The identified UV-B tolerant genotypes could be used in future breeding programmes.

Keywords: Floral morphology, Glycine max, pollen germination, pollen morphology, ultraviolet-B radiation.
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