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AOBPreview published online on June 8, 2005
Annals of Botany, doi:10.1093/aob/mci177
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© The Author 2005. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Annals of Botany Company. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oupjournals.org
Received December 29, 2004
Revised March 17, 2005
Accepted April 26, 2005

Article

Phylogenetic Analysis of Petunia sensu Jussieu (Solanaceae) using Chloroplast DNA RFLP

TOSHIO ANDO 1*, HISASHI KOKUBUN 1, HITOSHI WATANABE 1, NORIO TANAKA 2, TOMOHISA YUKAWA 2, GORO HASHIMOTO 3, EDUARDO MARCHESI 4, ENRIQUE SUÁREZ 5, and ISABEL L. BASUALDO 6

1 Faculty of Horticulture, Chiba University, 648 Matsudo, Matsudo, Chiba 271-8510, Japan
2 Tsukuba Botanical Garden, National Science Museum, 4-1-1 Amakubo, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
3 Centro de Pesquisas de História Natural, Rua Jaime Ribeiro Wright 618, Itaquera, 08201-970, São Paulo, Brazil
4 Facultad de Agronomia, Universidad de la República, Garzon 780, Montevideo, Uruguay
5 Instituto de Recursos Biológicos, INTA, Las Cabañas y Los Reseros, 1712 Castelar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
6 Sección Botánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Asunción, San Lorenzo, Paraguay

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
TOSHIO ANDO, E-mail: andot{at}faculty.chiba-u.jp


  Abstract

• Background and Aims The phylogenetic relationships of Petunia sensu Jussieu (Petunia sensu Wijsman plus Calibrachoa) are unclear. This study aimed to resolve this uncertainty using molecular evidence.

• Methods Phylogenetic trees of 52 taxa of Petunia sensu Jussieu were constructed using restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) of chloroplast DNA digested with 19 restriction enzymes and hybridized with 12 cloned Nicotiana chloroplast DNA fragments as probes.

• Key Results In all, 89 phylogenetically informative RFLPs were detected and one 50 % majority consensus tree was obtained, using the maximum parsimony method, and one distance matrix tree, using the neighbour joining method. Petunia sensu Wijsman and Calibrachoa were monophyletic sister clades in both trees. Calibrachoa parviflora and C. pygmaea, previously thought to differ from the other species in terms of their cross-compatibility, seed morphology, and nuclear DNA content, formed a basal clade that was sister to the remainder of Calibrachoa. Several clades found in the phylogenetic trees corresponded to their distribution ranges, suggesting that recent speciation in the genus Petunia sensu Jussieu occurred independently in several different regions.

• Conclusions The separation of Petunia sensu Wijsman and Calibrachoa was supported by chloroplast DNA analysis. Two groups in the Calibrachoa were also recognized with a high degree of confidence.

Keywords: Calibrachoa, cpDNA, distribution, Petunia, phylogeny, RFLP, Solanaceae.
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