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AOBPreview published online on July 20, 2005
Annals of Botany, doi:10.1093/aob/mci227
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© The Author 2005. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Annals of Botany Company. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oupjournals.org
Received March 18, 2005
Revised April 14, 2005
Accepted May 25, 2005

Botanical Briefing

Gravity Signal Transduction in Primary Roots

ROBYN M. PERRIN 1, LI-SEN YOUNG 1, NARAYANA MURTHY U. M. 1, BENJAMIN R. HARRISON 1, YAN WANG 1, JESSICA L. WILL 1, and PATRICK H. MASSON 1*

1 Laboratory of Genetics, University of Wisconsin--Madison, 425-G Henry Mall, Madison, WI 53706, USA

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
PATRICK H. MASSON, E-mail: phmasson{at}wisc.edu


  Abstract

• Aims The molecular mechanisms that correlate with gravity perception and signal transduction in the tip of angiosperm primary roots are discussed.

• Scope Gravity provides a cue for downward orientation of plant roots, allowing anchorage of the plant and uptake of the water and nutrients needed for growth and development. Root gravitropism involves a succession of physiological steps: gravity perception and signal transduction (mainly mediated by the columella cells of the root cap); signal transmission to the elongation zone; and curvature response. Interesting new insights into gravity perception and signal transduction within the root tip have accumulated recently by use of a wide range of experimental approaches in physiology, biochemistry, genetics, genomics, proteomics and cell biology. The data suggest a network of signal transduction pathways leading to a lateral redistribution of auxin across the root cap and a possible involvement of cytokinin in initial phases of gravicurvature.

• Conclusion These new discoveries illustrate the complexity of a highly redundant gravity-signalling process in roots, and help to elucidate the global mechanisms that govern auxin transport and morphogenetic regulation in roots.

Keywords: Root gravitropism, gravity signal transduction, root cap, elongation zone, amyloplast, statolith, auxin transport, cytokinin.
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