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AOBPreview published online on October 27, 2005
Annals of Botany, doi:10.1093/aob/mci273
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© The Author 2005. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Annals of Botany Company. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org
Received March 6, 2005
Revised May 23, 2005
Accepted August 22, 2005

Invited Review

Epigenetics and its Implications for Plant Biology. 1. The Epigenetic Network in Plants

R. T. GRANT-DOWNTON 1 and H. G. DICKINSON 1*

1 Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, Rodney Porter Building, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3RB, UK

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
H. G. DICKINSON, E-mail: hugh.dickinson{at}plant-sciences.oxford.ac.uk


  Abstract

• Background Epigenetics has rapidly evolved in the past decade to form an exciting new branch of biology. In modern terms, ‘epigenetics’ studies molecular pathways regulating how the genes are packaged in the chromosome and expressed, with effects that are heritable between cell divisions and even across generations.

• Context Epigenetic mechanisms often conflict with Mendelian models of genetics, and many components of the epigenetic systems in plants appeared anomalous. However, it is now clear that these systems govern how the entire genome operates and evolves.

• Scope In the first part of a two-part review, how epigenetic systems in plants were elucidated is addressed. Also there is a discussion on how the different components of the epigenetic system--regulating DNA methylation, histones and their post-translational modification, and pathways recognizing aberrant transcripts--may work together.

Keywords: Epigenetics, DNA methylation, histones, chromatin, RNA, paramutation, transgenes, silencing, gene expression.
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