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AOBPreview published online on January 30, 2006
Annals of Botany, doi:10.1093/aob/mcl004
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© The Author 2006. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Annals of Botany Company. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org
Received August 30, 2005
Revised October 25, 2005
Accepted December 2, 2005

Article

Effects of Neotyphodium Fungi on Lolium multiflorum Seed Germination in Relation to Water Availability

P. E. GUNDEL 1 *, P. H. MASEDA 2, M. M. VILA-AIUB 3, C. M. GHERSA 1, and R. BENECH-ARNOLD 4

1 Cátedra de Ecología, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires/IFEVA-CONICET, Av. San Martín 4453-C1417DSE, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
2 Cátedra de Fisiología Vegetal, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires/IFEVA-CONICET, Av. San Martín 4453-C1417DSE, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
3 Cátedra de Ecología, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires/IFEVA-CONICET, Av. San Martín 4453-C1417DSE, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina; Present address: Western Australian Herbicide Resistance Initiative (WAHRI), School of Plant Biology, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Western Australia (UWA), 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
4 Cátedra de Cerealicultura, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires/IFEVA-CONICET, Av. San Martín 4453-C1417DSE, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
P. E. GUNDEL, E-mail: gundel{at}agro.uba.ar


  Abstract

• Background and Aims Temperate endophyte-infected (Neotyphodium sp.) grasses have been shown to exhibit an ecological advantage over endophyte-uninfected grasses under abiotic stressful conditions. It is predicted that endophyte-infected plant populations will display higher rates of germination and proportion of germinated seeds under limiting water conditions.

• Methods The hydrotime regression model was used to describe the effect of Neotyphodium endophyte on seed germination of Lolium multiflorum at different water potentials. Additionally, seed mortality after water stress exposure was estimated in endophyte-infected and -uninfected seeds.

• Key Results Endophyte infection inhibited seed germination at all water potentials. The hydrotime model described satisfactorily the germination responses, and revealed that endophyte-free seeds exhibited higher rates of and final percentage germination, probably due to a lower base water potential compared with endophyte-infected seeds. However, Neotyphodium endophyte conferred a higher rate of survival in those seeds that remained ungerminated when exposed to highly water stress conditions.

• Conclusions Changes produced by Neotyphodium endophyte in L. multiflorum seeds might affect fitness in particular ecological scenarios. For example, the presence of the endophyte may curtail seed germination when water is limiting, reducing the risk of seedling death. Conversely, endophyte-free seeds would display an enhanced germination, ensuring a more rapid seedling establishment if later water conditions do not restrict plant growth.

Keywords: Endophyte, germination, hydrotime model, Lolium multiflorum, Neotyphodium sp., seed, water stress.
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P. E Gundel, W. B Batista, M. Texeira, M. A. Martinez-Ghersa, M. Omacini, and C. M Ghersa
Neotyphodium endophyte infection frequency in annual grass populations: relative importance of mutualism and transmission efficiency
Proc R Soc B, April 22, 2008; 275(1637): 897 - 905.
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