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AOBPreview published online on August 25, 2006
Annals of Botany, doi:10.1093/aob/mcl178
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© The Author 2006. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Annals of Botany Company. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org
Received April 26, 2006
Revised June 6, 2006
Accepted June 30, 2006

Article

Genetic Structure of Wild and Cultivated Olives in the Central Mediterranean Basin

LUCIANA BALDONI 1 *, NICOLA TOSTI 1, CLAUDIA RICCIOLINI 1, ANGJELINA BELAJ 1, SERGIO ARCIONI 1, GIORGIO PANNELLI 2, MARIA ANTONIETTA GERMANA 3, MAURIZIO MULAS 4, and ANDREA PORCEDDU 1

1 CNR-Institute of Plant Genetics, Perugia, Italy
2 CRA-Experimental Institute of Olives, Spoleto, Italy
3 Dept. S.EN.FI.MI.ZO., Sezione Frutticoltura Mediterranea, Tropicale e Subtropicale, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
4 Department of Economics and Tree Systems, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
LUCIANA BALDONI, E-mail: luciana.baldoni{at}igv.cnr.it


  Abstract

• Background and Aims Olive cultivars and their wild relatives (oleasters) represent two botanical varieties of Olea europaea subsp. europaea (respectively europaea and sylvestris). Olive cultivars have undergone human selection and their area of diffusion overlaps that of oleasters. Populations of genuine wild olives seem restricted to isolated areas of Mediterranean forests, while most other wild-looking forms of olive may include feral forms that escaped cultivation.

• Methods The genetic structure of wild and cultivated olive tree populations was evaluated by amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers at a microscale level in one continental and two insular Italian regions.

• Key Results The observed patterns of genetic variation were able to distinguish wild from cultivated populations and continental from insular regions. Island oleasters were highly similar to each other and were clearly distinguishable from those of continental regions. Ancient cultivated material from one island clustered with the wild plants, while the old plants from the continental region clustered with the cultivated group.

• Conclusions On the basis of these results, we can assume that olive trees have undergone a different selection/domestication process in the insular and mainland regions. The degree of differentiation between oleasters and cultivated trees on the islands suggests that all cultivars have been introduced into these regions from the outside, while the Umbrian cultivars have originated either by selection from local oleasters or by direct introduction from other regions.

Keywords: Olea europaea, AFLP, genetic diversity, population structure, wild populations.
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A. Belaj, C. Munoz-Diez, L. Baldoni, A. Porceddu, D. Barranco, and Z. Satovic
Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Wild Olives from the North-western Mediterranean Assessed by SSR Markers
Ann. Bot., September 1, 2007; 100(3): 449 - 458.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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